Schengen rules apply for France. EU/EEA and Swiss nationals travel on an ID card or passport with no visa. Many other nationalities (including US, UK, Canadian, Australian and Japanese passport holders) can enter visa-free for short business trips of up to 90 days within any 180-day period. Visa-national attendees should apply for a short-stay Schengen business visa before travelling.
Processing: Varies by nationality; apply several weeks before travel.
Apply through France-Visas and the appointed visa centre (for example VFS Global) in your country of residence. Carry an invitation letter from the organiser, proof of accommodation and return travel, and travel insurance. Entry rules can change - verify nationality-specific rules on France-Visas before booking.
Official