Agrivoltaics World Conference

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Frequently asked

Glossary

1

Agrivoltaics (APV)

The simultaneous use of the same land area for agriculture and photovoltaic electricity generation, usually with modules raised on elevated structures so crops, grazing or machinery can operate beneath them.

2

Elevated or stilt-mounted PV

A mounting design that lifts module rows to a height (often 3-5 m at the lowest edge) that allows tractors, harvesters or livestock to pass underneath, at the cost of more steel and higher installation prices than ground-mounted arrays.

3

Light transmission ratio

The share of incoming solar radiation that reaches the crop canopy below the modules, controlled by module density, row spacing and height; it is the main lever for balancing electricity yield against crop yield.

4

Land equivalent ratio (LER)

A combined productivity measure that compares the agricultural and electrical output of a dual-use system with the same land used separately for farming and for a conventional solar plant; a value above 1.0 indicates a land-use advantage.

5

PAR (photosynthetically active radiation)

The 400-700 nm waveband that plants use for photosynthesis. Agrivoltaics trials measure how much PAR passes through or between modules, because total irradiance alone does not describe crop response.

6

Bifacial modules

PV panels that generate from both front and rear faces; in agrivoltaics the rear face can capture light reflected from crops, soil or a light-coloured ground cover, adding yield in some configurations.

7

Single-axis trackers under crop canopies

Row-mounted tracker systems that follow the sun through the day and can be programmed with steeper or reversed positions to shift shade away from sensitive growth stages or to harvest more morning and evening light.

8

Microclimate effect

Changes in soil temperature, humidity, wind speed and evapotranspiration beneath a module array. It can reduce irrigation demand for some crops and reduce yield for others, and it is measured rather than assumed.

9

Shade-tolerant crops

Species and varieties that tolerate 20-40 per cent reductions in irradiance, such as leafy greens, some berries, fodder grasses and certain root vegetables, and are candidates for cultivation under modules.

10

O&M under canopy

Operations and maintenance of an array where modules sit above crops: cleaning, vegetation management, string fault-finding and access routes all need different equipment and scheduling than an open-field plant.

11

Dual-land-use policy

Rules that determine whether land under a solar array retains its agricultural classification and subsidy eligibility; these definitions differ by state and directly affect project economics.

12

Capacity and yield metrics

Electrical output is quoted in megawatt-peak of installed capacity and in kilowatt-hours per installed kilowatt per year; agrivoltaic comparisons should state both the electricity yield and the crop yield per hectare.